The goal is to list terms in French and English that will allow us to “capture” the relevant literature. It’s helpful to group them by key concepts. Here’s a first suggestion, which we’ll refine together:

1. CENTRAL CONCEPT: AUTONOMY / INDEPENDENCE #

  • French :
    • Financial autonomy
    • Strategic autonomy
    • Organizational autonomy
    • Decision-making autonomy
    • Financial independence
    • Strategic independence
    • (Organizational) sovereignty
    • Self-sufficiency
  • English :
    • Financial autonomy
    • Strategic autonomy
    • Organizational autonomy
    • Decision-making autonomy / independence
    • Financial independence
    • Strategic independence
    • (Organizational) sovereignty
    • Self-reliance / Self-sufficiency

2. TYPE D’ORGANISATIONS (CIBLE) : #

  • French :
    • NGO (Non-Governmental Organization)
    • CSO (Civil Society Organization)
    • Association (non-profit / ASBL)
    • Local organization / Indigenous organization
    • Development organization
    • Third sector / Non-profit sector
    • Community organization (grassroots / CBO)
  • English :
    • NGO (Non-Governmental Organization)
    • CSO (Civil Society Organization)
    • NPO (Non-Profit Organization / Nonprofit)
    • Association
    • Local organization / Indigenous organization
    • Development organization
    • Third sector / Voluntary sector
    • Community-based organization (CBO) / Grassroots organization

3. GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT: #

  • French :
    • Africa / African
    • Sub-Saharan Africa / Africa south of the Sahara
    • French-speaking Africa
    • English-speaking Africa
    • (Potentially add specific country names if targeted searches are needed later)
  • English :
    • Africa / African
    • Sub-Saharan Africa / Africa South of the Sahara
    • Francophone Africa
    • Anglophone Africa
    • (Potentially specific country names later)

4. FINANCING & BUSINESS MODELS: #

  • French :
    • Financing / Finance
    • Financial sustainability / Financial sustainability
    • Mobilization of resources (domestic / local)
    • Diversification (financing/resources)
    • Income generation / Own income / Self-financing
    • Income-generating activities (IGA)
    • Fundraising (local)
    • Philanthropy (local / African)
    • Economic model / Business model
    • Social Enterprise / Social Entrepreneurship
    • Investissement à impact (social)
    • Basic financing / Structural financing
    • Unallocated/untargeted funding
  • English :
    • Funding / Financing / Finance
    • Financial sustainability
    • Resource mobilization (domestic / local)
    • (Funding / Resource) diversification
    • Income generation / Revenue generation / Own income / Self-financing
    • Income generating activities (IGA)
    • (Local) Fundraising
    • (Local / African) Philanthropy
    • Economic model / Business model
    • Social enterprise / Social entrepreneurship
    • Impact investing
    • Core funding / Core support / Organizational funding
    • Unrestricted funding / Flexible funding

5. RELATIONSHIPS & INFLUENCES: #

  • French :
    • Funder(s) / Donor(s)Funder(s) / Donor(s)
    • Donor-NGO relationship / Donor-NGO relationship
    • Dependence (financial / on landlords)
    • Conditionality (of aid)
    • Influence (of donors)
    • Partnership(s)
    • Accountability / Reporting (downward / upward accountability)
    • Civic space / Civil society space
    • (Organizational) Governance
    • Organizational Capacity / Capacity Building
  • English :
    • Donor(s) / Funder(s)
    • Donor-NGO relations(hip) / Funder-NGO relations(hip)
    • (Financial / Donor) dependency / Dependence
    • (Aid) conditionality / Conditionalities
    • (Donor / Funder) influence
    • Partnership(s)
    • Accountability (downward / upward)
    • Civic space / Civil society space
    • (Organizational) Governance
    • Organizational capacity / Capacity building

TIPS FOR USE:

  • These lists are not exhaustive and will need to be adapted.
  • When searching, we will combine these terms using Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT). For example: ("autonomie stratégique" OR "strategic autonomy") AND (ONG OR CSO) AND ("Afrique Subsaharienne" OR "Sub-Saharan Africa")
  • We’ll also use truncation (e.g.financ* to find financier, financement, financial, financing, etc.) and quotation marks to search for exact phrases.
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Updated on 17 April 2025